Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease
Identifieur interne : 000829 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000828; suivant : 000830Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease
Auteurs : Mojtaba Zarei ; Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao ; Yaroslau Compta ; Morgan Hough ; Carme Junque ; Nuria Bargallo ; Eduardo Tolosa ; Maria Jose MartíSource :
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry [ 0022-3050 ] ; 2013-08.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the pattern of cortical thinning in Parkinson's disease (PD) across different disease stages and to elucidate to what extent cortical thinning is related to cognitive impairment. Design Ninety-six subjects including 39 controls and 57 PD patients participated in this study. PD subjects were divided into three groups (early, n=24; moderate, n=18; with dementia, n=15). High field structural brain MRI images were acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Vertex-wise group comparisons were performed and cortical thickness was correlated with motor and cognitive measures. Results We found a positive correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination scores and cortical thickness in the anterior temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, posterior cingulate, temporal fusiform and occipitotemporal cortex. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (motor subsection) scores showed a robust negative correlation with caudate volumes. We found that disease stage in PD was associated with thinning of the medial frontal (premotor and supplementary motor cortex), posterior cingulate, precuneus, lateral occipital, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Discriminant analysis and a receiver operating characteristics approach showed that mean cortical thickness and hippocampus volume have 80% accuracy in identifying PD patients with dementia. PD stage and PD dementia can be characterised by a specific pattern of cortical thinning. Conclusions We conclude that measuring cortical thickness can be useful in assessing disease stage and cognitive impairment in patients with PD. In addition, cortical thickness may be useful in identifying dementia in PD.
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DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304126
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first="Morgan" last="Hough">Morgan Hough</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Junque, Carme" sort="Junque, Carme" uniqKey="Junque C" first="Carme" last="Junque">Carme Junque</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bargallo, Nuria" sort="Bargallo, Nuria" uniqKey="Bargallo N" first="Nuria" last="Bargallo">Nuria Bargallo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (CDIC), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, 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Iran</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa" sort="Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa" uniqKey="Ibarretxe Bilbao N" first="Naroa" last="Ibarretxe-Bilbao">Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Compta, Yaroslau" sort="Compta, Yaroslau" uniqKey="Compta Y" first="Yaroslau" last="Compta">Yaroslau Compta</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hough, Morgan" sort="Hough, Morgan" uniqKey="Hough M" first="Morgan" last="Hough">Morgan Hough</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Junque, Carme" sort="Junque, Carme" uniqKey="Junque C" first="Carme" last="Junque">Carme Junque</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bargallo, Nuria" sort="Bargallo, Nuria" uniqKey="Bargallo N" first="Nuria" last="Bargallo">Nuria Bargallo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (CDIC), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolosa, Eduardo" sort="Tolosa, Eduardo" uniqKey="Tolosa E" first="Eduardo" last="Tolosa">Eduardo Tolosa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marti, Maria Jose" sort="Marti, Maria Jose" uniqKey="Marti M" first="Maria Jose" last="Martí">Maria Jose Martí</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-3050</idno><idno type="eISSN">1468-330X</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2013-08">2013-08</date><biblScope unit="volume">84</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">8</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="875">875</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-3050</idno></series><idno type="istex">F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1136/jnnp-2012-304126</idno><idno type="href">jnnp-84-875.pdf</idno><idno type="ArticleID">jnnp-2012-304126</idno><idno type="PMID">23463873</idno><idno type="local">jnnp;84/8/875</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-3050</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Objective To investigate the pattern of cortical thinning in Parkinson's disease (PD) across different disease stages and to elucidate to what extent cortical thinning is related to cognitive impairment. Design Ninety-six subjects including 39 controls and 57 PD patients participated in this study. PD subjects were divided into three groups (early, n=24; moderate, n=18; with dementia, n=15). High field structural brain MRI images were acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Vertex-wise group comparisons were performed and cortical thickness was correlated with motor and cognitive measures. Results We found a positive correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination scores and cortical thickness in the anterior temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, posterior cingulate, temporal fusiform and occipitotemporal cortex. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (motor subsection) scores showed a robust negative correlation with caudate volumes. We found that disease stage in PD was associated with thinning of the medial frontal (premotor and supplementary motor cortex), posterior cingulate, precuneus, lateral occipital, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Discriminant analysis and a receiver operating characteristics approach showed that mean cortical thickness and hippocampus volume have 80% accuracy in identifying PD patients with dementia. PD stage and PD dementia can be characterised by a specific pattern of cortical thinning. Conclusions We conclude that measuring cortical thickness can be useful in assessing disease stage and cognitive impairment in patients with PD. In addition, cortical thickness may be useful in identifying dementia in PD.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>bmj</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Mojtaba Zarei</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK</json:string><json:string>Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string><json:string>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string><json:string>Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yaroslau Compta</name><affiliations><json:string>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string><json:string>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Morgan Hough</name><affiliations><json:string>Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Carme Junque</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string><json:string>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Nuria Bargallo</name><affiliations><json:string>Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (CDIC), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Eduardo Tolosa</name><affiliations><json:string>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string><json:string>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Maria Jose Martí</name><affiliations><json:string>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Movement disorders</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Open access</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>PARKINSON'S DISEASE</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>MRI</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>DEMENTIA</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Objective To investigate the pattern of cortical thinning in Parkinson's disease (PD) across different disease stages and to elucidate to what extent cortical thinning is related to cognitive impairment. Design Ninety-six subjects including 39 controls and 57 PD patients participated in this study. PD subjects were divided into three groups (early, n=24; moderate, n=18; with dementia, n=15). High field structural brain MRI images were acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Vertex-wise group comparisons were performed and cortical thickness was correlated with motor and cognitive measures. Results We found a positive correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination scores and cortical thickness in the anterior temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, posterior cingulate, temporal fusiform and occipitotemporal cortex. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (motor subsection) scores showed a robust negative correlation with caudate volumes. We found that disease stage in PD was associated with thinning of the medial frontal (premotor and supplementary motor cortex), posterior cingulate, precuneus, lateral occipital, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Discriminant analysis and a receiver operating characteristics approach showed that mean cortical thickness and hippocampus volume have 80% accuracy in identifying PD patients with dementia. PD stage and PD dementia can be characterised by a specific pattern of cortical thinning. Conclusions We conclude that measuring cortical thickness can be useful in assessing disease stage and cognitive impairment in patients with PD. In addition, cortical thickness may be useful in identifying dementia in PD.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.38</score><pdfVersion>1.6</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 793.701 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>5</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1730</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5313</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>35924</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>240</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease</title><pmid><json:string>23463873</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>84</volume><pages><first>875</first></pages><issn><json:string>0022-3050</json:string></issn><issue>8</issue><genre></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1468-330X</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title></host><publicationDate>2013</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2013</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1136/jnnp-2012-304126</json:string></doi><id>F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group 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University of Deusto, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Yaroslau</forename><surname>Compta</surname></persName><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Morgan</forename><surname>Hough</surname></persName><affiliation>Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Carme</forename><surname>Junque</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Nuria</forename><surname>Bargallo</surname></persName><affiliation>Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (CDIC), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Eduardo</forename><surname>Tolosa</surname></persName><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Maria Jose</forename><surname>Martí</surname></persName><affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-3050</idno><idno type="eISSN">1468-330X</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2013-08"></date><biblScope unit="volume">84</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">8</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="875">875</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1136/jnnp-2012-304126</idno><idno type="href">jnnp-84-875.pdf</idno><idno type="ArticleID">jnnp-2012-304126</idno><idno type="PMID">23463873</idno><idno type="local">jnnp;84/8/875</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2013-03-05</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Objective To investigate the pattern of cortical thinning in Parkinson's disease (PD) across different disease stages and to elucidate to what extent cortical thinning is related to cognitive impairment. Design Ninety-six subjects including 39 controls and 57 PD patients participated in this study. PD subjects were divided into three groups (early, n=24; moderate, n=18; with dementia, n=15). High field structural brain MRI images were acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Vertex-wise group comparisons were performed and cortical thickness was correlated with motor and cognitive measures. Results We found a positive correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination scores and cortical thickness in the anterior temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, posterior cingulate, temporal fusiform and occipitotemporal cortex. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (motor subsection) scores showed a robust negative correlation with caudate volumes. We found that disease stage in PD was associated with thinning of the medial frontal (premotor and supplementary motor cortex), posterior cingulate, precuneus, lateral occipital, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Discriminant analysis and a receiver operating characteristics approach showed that mean cortical thickness and hippocampus volume have 80% accuracy in identifying PD patients with dementia. PD stage and PD dementia can be characterised by a specific pattern of cortical thinning. Conclusions We conclude that measuring cortical thickness can be useful in assessing disease stage and cognitive impairment in patients with PD. In addition, cortical thickness may be useful in identifying dementia in PD.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Open access</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>PARKINSON'S DISEASE</term></item><item><term>MRI</term></item><item><term>DEMENTIA</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2013-03-05">Created</change><change when="2013-08">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus bmj" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType 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pub-id-type="other">jnnp;84/8/875</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp;jnnp-2012-304126</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23463873</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">875</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp-2012-304126</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Movement disorders</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Open access</subject></subj-group><series-title>Research paper</series-title></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zarei</surname><given-names>Mojtaba</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ibarretxe-Bilbao</surname><given-names>Naroa</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Compta</surname><given-names>Yaroslau</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hough</surname><given-names>Morgan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Junque</surname><given-names>Carme</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bargallo</surname><given-names>Nuria</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tolosa</surname><given-names>Eduardo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Martí</surname><given-names>Maria Jose</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Neurology</addr-line>, <institution>University of Nottingham</institution>, <addr-line>Nottingham</addr-line>, <country>UK</country></aff><aff id="af2"><label>2</label><institution>Institute for Cognitive Science Studies</institution>, <addr-line>Tehran</addr-line>, <country>Iran</country></aff><aff id="af3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology</addr-line>, <institution>University of Barcelona</institution>, <addr-line>Barcelona, Catalonia</addr-line>, <country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="af4"><label>4</label><institution>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)</institution>, <addr-line>Barcelona, Catalonia</addr-line>, <country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="af5"><label>5</label><addr-line>Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education</addr-line>, <institution>University of Deusto</institution>, <addr-line>Bilbao, Basque Country,</addr-line> <country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="af6"><label>6</label><addr-line>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service</addr-line>, <institution>Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona</institution>, <addr-line>Barcelona, Catalonia</addr-line>, <country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="af7"><label>7</label><institution>Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford</institution>, <addr-line>Oxford</addr-line>, <country>UK</country></aff><aff id="af8"><label>8</label><institution>Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (CDIC), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS</institution>, <addr-line>Barcelona, Catalonia</addr-line>, <country>Spain</country></aff><author-notes><corresp><label>Correspondence to</label> Dr Maria Jose Martí, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, c./Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain; <email>mjmarti@clinic.ub.es</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub-original"><day>5</day><month>3</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>5</day><month>3</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>84</volume><volume-id pub-id-type="other">84</volume-id><volume-id pub-id-type="other">84</volume-id><issue>8</issue><issue-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp;84/8</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">8</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">84/8</issue-id><fpage>875</fpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day><month>9</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>21</day><month>1</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>11</day><month>2</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/"><p>This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ext-link></p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:role="full-text" xlink:href="jnnp-84-875.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To investigate the pattern of cortical thinning in Parkinson's disease (PD) across different disease stages and to elucidate to what extent cortical thinning is related to cognitive impairment.</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Ninety-six subjects including 39 controls and 57 PD patients participated in this study. PD subjects were divided into three groups (early, n=24; moderate, n=18; with dementia, n=15). High field structural brain MRI images were acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Vertex-wise group comparisons were performed and cortical thickness was correlated with motor and cognitive measures.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>We found a positive correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination scores and cortical thickness in the anterior temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, posterior cingulate, temporal fusiform and occipitotemporal cortex. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (motor subsection) scores showed a robust negative correlation with caudate volumes. We found that disease stage in PD was associated with thinning of the medial frontal (premotor and supplementary motor cortex), posterior cingulate, precuneus, lateral occipital, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Discriminant analysis and a receiver operating characteristics approach showed that mean cortical thickness and hippocampus volume have 80% accuracy in identifying PD patients with dementia. PD stage and PD dementia can be characterised by a specific pattern of cortical thinning.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>We conclude that measuring cortical thickness can be useful in assessing disease stage and cognitive impairment in patients with PD. In addition, cortical thickness may be useful in identifying dementia in PD.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>PARKINSON'S DISEASE</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>DEMENTIA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><partName>Research paper</partName><title>Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><partName>Research paper</partName><title>Cortical thinning is associated with disease stages and dementia in Parkinson's disease</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mojtaba</namePart><namePart type="family">Zarei</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Naroa</namePart><namePart type="family">Ibarretxe-Bilbao</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yaroslau</namePart><namePart type="family">Compta</namePart><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Morgan</namePart><namePart type="family">Hough</namePart><affiliation>Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Carme</namePart><namePart type="family">Junque</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Nuria</namePart><namePart type="family">Bargallo</namePart><affiliation>Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (CDIC), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Eduardo</namePart><namePart type="family">Tolosa</namePart><affiliation>Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Maria Jose</namePart><namePart type="family">Martí</namePart><affiliation>Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article"></genre><subject><genre>hwp-journal-coll</genre><topic>Open access</topic></subject><originInfo><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2013-08</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2013-03-05</dateCreated><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2013</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>Objective To investigate the pattern of cortical thinning in Parkinson's disease (PD) across different disease stages and to elucidate to what extent cortical thinning is related to cognitive impairment. Design Ninety-six subjects including 39 controls and 57 PD patients participated in this study. PD subjects were divided into three groups (early, n=24; moderate, n=18; with dementia, n=15). High field structural brain MRI images were acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Vertex-wise group comparisons were performed and cortical thickness was correlated with motor and cognitive measures. Results We found a positive correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination scores and cortical thickness in the anterior temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, posterior cingulate, temporal fusiform and occipitotemporal cortex. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (motor subsection) scores showed a robust negative correlation with caudate volumes. We found that disease stage in PD was associated with thinning of the medial frontal (premotor and supplementary motor cortex), posterior cingulate, precuneus, lateral occipital, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Discriminant analysis and a receiver operating characteristics approach showed that mean cortical thickness and hippocampus volume have 80% accuracy in identifying PD patients with dementia. PD stage and PD dementia can be characterised by a specific pattern of cortical thinning. Conclusions We conclude that measuring cortical thickness can be useful in assessing disease stage and cognitive impairment in patients with PD. In addition, cortical thickness may be useful in identifying dementia in PD.</abstract><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>PARKINSON'S DISEASE</topic><topic>MRI</topic><topic>DEMENTIA</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0022-3050</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1468-330X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">jnnp</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">jnnp</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</identifier><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>84</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>8</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>875</start></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">F7713912091E99FB11A80B0C0B70C8DEEAB1E11F</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1136/jnnp-2012-304126</identifier><identifier type="href">jnnp-84-875.pdf</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">jnnp-2012-304126</identifier><identifier type="PMID">23463873</identifier><identifier type="local">jnnp;84/8/875</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="open-access">This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. 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